Who is considered the pioneer of using heating to preserve food?

The correct answer is Nicholas Appert, who is recognized as the pioneer of using heating to preserve food. In the early 19th century, Appert developed the process of canning, which involved sealing food in containers and heating them to kill microorganisms that cause spoilage. His work laid the foundation for modern food preservation techniques, and in 1810, he published a book detailing his methods, which fundamentally changed how food could be stored for long periods without refrigeration. This innovation not only enhanced the safety and longevity of food but also paved the way for the commercial food preservation industry.

In contrast, Louis Pasteur made significant contributions to the field of microbiology and developed the pasteurization process, which involves heating liquids (like milk and wine) to destroy harmful bacteria but is not specifically about preserving food in sealed containers. Harvey Wiley is known for his work in food chemistry and advocating for food safety regulations, while Justus von Liebig made important advancements in organic chemistry but did not focus on food preservation methods like canning.