What role do vitamins have in metabolic processes?

Vitamins play a critical role in metabolic processes as they act as cofactors in enzymatic reactions. This means that vitamins assist enzymes, which are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions in the body. Many vitamins are required for the proper function of enzymes, helping to facilitate various metabolic pathways, including the digestion of food, the synthesis of hormones, and the regulation of cellular processes.

For example, B vitamins are essential for energy metabolism, as they are involved in converting carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into energy. Vitamin C is crucial for collagen synthesis and also acts as a cofactor for specific enzyme activities involved in metabolic pathways.

While some vitamins may provide indirect benefits related to energy production and protection against oxidative stress, their primary function in metabolic processes is to support enzymatic reactions, thereby enabling the body to efficiently utilize nutrients and maintain metabolic balance.