What are probiotics?

Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms, typically bacteria, that provide health benefits when consumed in adequate amounts. These beneficial bacteria can positively influence gut health, enhance the immune system, and may help prevent or treat various digestive issues. Probiotics work by maintaining the natural balance of organisms (microflora) in the intestines, which can often be disrupted by factors like poor diet, illness, or the use of antibiotics.

In contrast, processed food preservatives are substances added to food to prevent spoilage and extend shelf life, while sugars enhance taste without having the health benefits associated with probiotics. Fats play a role in digestion but do not belong to the class of beneficial microbes like probiotics. Thus, the defining characteristic of probiotics as live bacteria with specific health benefits is what makes this choice the correct answer.